UNLEASHING TRANSFORMATIVE POTENTIAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AI IN COUNTERING TERRORISM ONLINE RADICALISATION EXTREMISM AND POSSIBLE RECRUITMENT

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).01      10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).01      Published : Dec 4
Authored by : Muhammad Irfan , Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal , Muhammad Anwar

01 Pages : 1-15

References

  • Bélanger, J., Nisa, C., Schumpe, B., Gurmu, T., Williams, M., & Putra, I. (2020). Do counter-narratives reduce support for ISIS? yes, but not for their target audience. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01059
  • Binder, J., & Kenyon, J. (2022). Terrorism and the Internet: how dangerous is online Radicalisation?. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997390
  • Carthy, S., Doody, C., Cox, K., O'Hora, D., & Sarma, K. (2020). Counter‐narratives for the prevention of violent radicalisation: a systematic review of targeted interventions. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1106
  • Fernandez, M., & Alani, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence and online extremism., 132- 162. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429265365-7
  • Gerstenfeld, P., Grant, D., & Chiang, C. (2003). Hate online: a content analysis of extremist internet sites. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 3(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-2415.2003.00013.x
  • Hayes, P., Poel, I., & Steen, M. (2020). Algorithms and values in justice and security. AI & Society, 35(3), 533-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-019- 00932-9
  • Irfan, M., MURRAY, L., aldulaylan, F., alQahtani, Y., & Latif, F. (2023) 'Sentiments and discourses: how Ireland perceives artificial intelligence', http://dx.doi.org/10.34961/researchrepository-ul.24198423.v1
  • Irfan, M., MURRAY, L., Aldulayani, F., Ali, S., Youcefi, N., & Haroon, S. (2023) 'From Europe to Ireland: artificial intelligence pivotal role in transforming higher education policies and guidelines', http://dx.doi.org/10.34961/researchrepository-ul.24087813.v1
  • Irfan, M., Murray, L. I. A. M., & Ali, S. (2023). Integration of artificial intelligence in academia: A case study of critical teaching and learning in higher education. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII, 1, 352-364.
  • Irfan, M., Murray, L., & Ali, S. (2023). Insights into Student Perceptions: Investigating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tool Usability in Irish Higher Education at the University of Limerick. Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI(II), 48-63. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-II).05
  • rfan, M., Murray, L., & Ali, S., (2023). The Role of AI in Shaping Europe's Higher Education Landscape: Policy Implications and Guidelines with a Focus on Ireland. Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review, 4(2), 231-243
  • Iqbal, M., O'Brien, K., & Bliuc, A. (2022). The relationship between existential anxiety, political efficacy, extrinsic religiosity and support for violent extremism in Indonesia. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610x.2022.2034221
  • Jia, Z. (2022). Analysis methods for the planning and dissemination mode of radio and television assisted by artificial intelligence technology. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7538692
  • Murthy, D. (2021). Evaluating platform accountability: Terrorist content on YouTube. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(6), 800-824. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764221989774
  • Pauwels, L., Ljujic, V., & Buck, A. (2018). Individual differences in political aggression: the role of social integration, perceived grievances and low self- control. European Journal of Criminology, 17(5), 603-627. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370818819216
  • Sharif, W., Mumtaz, S., Shafiq, Z., Riaz, O., Ali, T., Husnain, M., & Choi, G. (2019). An empirical approach for extreme behavior identification through tweets using machine learning. Applied Sciences, 9(18), 3723. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9183723
  • Shortland, N., Portnoy, J., McGarry, P., Perliger, A., Gordon, T., & Anastasio, N. (2022). A reinforcement sensitivity theory of violent extremist propaganda: the motivational pathways underlying movement toward and away from violent extremist action. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.85839
  • Susilo, S., & Dalimunthe, R. (2019). Moderate Southeast Asian Islamic education as a parent culture in deRadicalisation: urgencies, strategies, and Challenges. Religions, 10(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10010045
  • Torregrosa, J., Bello-Orgaz, G., Martínez- Cámara, E., Ser, J., & Camacho, D. (2022). A survey on extremism analysis using natural language processing: definitions, literature review, trends and challenges. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 14(8), 9869-9905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03658-z
  • Yang, K., Varol, O., Davis, C., Ferrara, E., Flammini, A., & Menczer, F. (2019). Arming the public with artificial intelligence to counter social bots. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1(1), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.115
  • Zajko, M. (2021). Conservative AI and social inequality: conceptualizing alternatives to bias through social theory. Ai & Society, 36(3), 1047-1056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01153-9
  • Bélanger, J., Nisa, C., Schumpe, B., Gurmu, T., Williams, M., & Putra, I. (2020). Do counter-narratives reduce support for ISIS? yes, but not for their target audience. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01059
  • Binder, J., & Kenyon, J. (2022). Terrorism and the Internet: how dangerous is online Radicalisation?. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997390
  • Carthy, S., Doody, C., Cox, K., O'Hora, D., & Sarma, K. (2020). Counter‐narratives for the prevention of violent radicalisation: a systematic review of targeted interventions. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1106
  • Fernandez, M., & Alani, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence and online extremism., 132- 162. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429265365-7
  • Gerstenfeld, P., Grant, D., & Chiang, C. (2003). Hate online: a content analysis of extremist internet sites. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 3(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-2415.2003.00013.x
  • Hayes, P., Poel, I., & Steen, M. (2020). Algorithms and values in justice and security. AI & Society, 35(3), 533-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-019- 00932-9
  • Irfan, M., MURRAY, L., aldulaylan, F., alQahtani, Y., & Latif, F. (2023) 'Sentiments and discourses: how Ireland perceives artificial intelligence', http://dx.doi.org/10.34961/researchrepository-ul.24198423.v1
  • Irfan, M., MURRAY, L., Aldulayani, F., Ali, S., Youcefi, N., & Haroon, S. (2023) 'From Europe to Ireland: artificial intelligence pivotal role in transforming higher education policies and guidelines', http://dx.doi.org/10.34961/researchrepository-ul.24087813.v1
  • Irfan, M., Murray, L. I. A. M., & Ali, S. (2023). Integration of artificial intelligence in academia: A case study of critical teaching and learning in higher education. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII, 1, 352-364.
  • Irfan, M., Murray, L., & Ali, S. (2023). Insights into Student Perceptions: Investigating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tool Usability in Irish Higher Education at the University of Limerick. Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI(II), 48-63. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-II).05
  • rfan, M., Murray, L., & Ali, S., (2023). The Role of AI in Shaping Europe's Higher Education Landscape: Policy Implications and Guidelines with a Focus on Ireland. Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review, 4(2), 231-243
  • Iqbal, M., O'Brien, K., & Bliuc, A. (2022). The relationship between existential anxiety, political efficacy, extrinsic religiosity and support for violent extremism in Indonesia. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610x.2022.2034221
  • Jia, Z. (2022). Analysis methods for the planning and dissemination mode of radio and television assisted by artificial intelligence technology. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7538692
  • Murthy, D. (2021). Evaluating platform accountability: Terrorist content on YouTube. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(6), 800-824. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764221989774
  • Pauwels, L., Ljujic, V., & Buck, A. (2018). Individual differences in political aggression: the role of social integration, perceived grievances and low self- control. European Journal of Criminology, 17(5), 603-627. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370818819216
  • Sharif, W., Mumtaz, S., Shafiq, Z., Riaz, O., Ali, T., Husnain, M., & Choi, G. (2019). An empirical approach for extreme behavior identification through tweets using machine learning. Applied Sciences, 9(18), 3723. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9183723
  • Shortland, N., Portnoy, J., McGarry, P., Perliger, A., Gordon, T., & Anastasio, N. (2022). A reinforcement sensitivity theory of violent extremist propaganda: the motivational pathways underlying movement toward and away from violent extremist action. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.85839
  • Susilo, S., & Dalimunthe, R. (2019). Moderate Southeast Asian Islamic education as a parent culture in deRadicalisation: urgencies, strategies, and Challenges. Religions, 10(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10010045
  • Torregrosa, J., Bello-Orgaz, G., Martínez- Cámara, E., Ser, J., & Camacho, D. (2022). A survey on extremism analysis using natural language processing: definitions, literature review, trends and challenges. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 14(8), 9869-9905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03658-z
  • Yang, K., Varol, O., Davis, C., Ferrara, E., Flammini, A., & Menczer, F. (2019). Arming the public with artificial intelligence to counter social bots. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1(1), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.115
  • Zajko, M. (2021). Conservative AI and social inequality: conceptualizing alternatives to bias through social theory. Ai & Society, 36(3), 1047-1056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01153-9

Cite this article

    APA : Irfan, M., Almeshal, Z. A., & Anwar, M. (2023). Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII(IV), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).01
    CHICAGO : Irfan, Muhammad, Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal, and Muhammad Anwar. 2023. "Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII (IV): 1-15 doi: 10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).01
    HARVARD : IRFAN, M., ALMESHAL, Z. A. & ANWAR, M. 2023. Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII, 1-15.
    MHRA : Irfan, Muhammad, Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal, and Muhammad Anwar. 2023. "Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII: 1-15
    MLA : Irfan, Muhammad, Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal, and Muhammad Anwar. "Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII.IV (2023): 1-15 Print.
    OXFORD : Irfan, Muhammad, Almeshal, Ziyad Abdulaziz, and Anwar, Muhammad (2023), "Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment", Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII (IV), 1-15
    TURABIAN : Irfan, Muhammad, Ziyad Abdulaziz Almeshal, and Muhammad Anwar. "Unleashing Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Countering Terrorism, Online Radicalisation, Extremism, and Possible Recruitment." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review VIII, no. IV (2023): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).01