THE THREAT OF TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISM EXPLORING THE GLOBAL AND REGIONAL IMPACT OF BOKO HARAM AND ALSHABAB

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).05      10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).05      Published : Dec 4
Authored by : Sahibzada Adil Munir

05 Pages : 51-59

References

  • Assanvo, W., Abatan, J. E. A., & Sawadogo, W. A. (2016). West Africa Report: Assessing the Multinational Joint Task Force Against Boko Haram. In (pp. 19): Institute for Security Studies (ISS).
  • Bacon, T., & Muibu, D. (2019). The domestication of Al-Shabaab. The Journal of the Middle East and Africa, 10(3), 279–305. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2019.16589 86 https://doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2019.1658986
  • Barnett, J. (2020). The Evolution of East African Salafi-Jihadism. Hudson Institute, 28
  • Chimaobi, O., BB, O., Udoh, E., & EO, E. (2023). Leadership and the Success of African Integration and Development Agenda: Juxtaposing the African Continental Free Trade Area - AFCFTA and Agenda 2063. African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 6(2), 190–206. https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-qboebigd
  • Humud, C. E., Arieff, A., Blanchard, L. P., Blanchard, C. M., Sharp, J. M., & Katzman, K. (2014). AL QAEDA-AFFILIATED GROUPS: MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA. International Journal of Terrorism & Political Hot Spots, 9.
  • Husted, T. F. (2021). Boko Haram and the Islamic State's West Africa Province. Congressional Research Service, 6.
  • Husted, T. F., Arieff, A., Blanchard, L. P., Cook, N., & Williams, B. R. (2018). Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Issues and US Engagement. Congressional Research Service.
  • ICG. (2017). Time to Reset African Union- European Union Relations. International Crisis Group.
  • ICG. (2022). Considering Political Engagement with Al-Shabaab in Somalia. International Crisis Group
  • ICG. (2023). Sustaining Gains in Somalia’s Offensive against Al-Shabaab. International Crisis Group. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/somalia/b187-sustaining-gains-somalias-offensive-against-al-shabaab
  • Ichimi, G. (2023). The African Union and Security Challenges in the Sahel: Prospects for Multilateral Diplomacy.
  • Ikpogwi, F. F. (2019). The Security, Migration and Development nexus in Agadez, Niger: An actor-based re-evaluation of its eality. In.
  • Joscelyn, T. (2017). Shabaab claims US is ‘Satan of Our Time,’praises al Qaeda’s leadership. FDD’s Long War Journal.
  • Juju, D. B., Baffoe, G., Lam, R. D., Karanja, A., Naidoo, M., Ahmed, A., Jarzebski, M. P., Saito, O., Fukushi, K., Takeuchi, K., & Gasparatos, A. (2020). Sustainability challenges in Sub- Saharan Africa in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS). In Science for sustainable societies (Print) (pp. 3–50). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15- 4458-3_1
  • Kah, H. K. (2017). ‘Boko Haram is losing, but so is food production’: conflict and food insecurity in Nigeria and Cameroon. Africa Development, 42(3), 177–196. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ad/article/ download/167101/156538
  • Kerins, P. M., & Mouaha-Bell, S. V. (2018). Boko Haram's Rise and the Multinational Response Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School].
  • Khalil, J., Abdi, Y., Heide-Ottosen, S., Nor, A. A., & Zeuthen, M. (2023). The “Off-Ramp” from al- Shabaab: Disengagement During the Offensive in Somalia. https://doi.org/10.37805/lpbi2023.1
  • Klobucista, C. (2018). Nigeria’s Battle with Boko Haram. Council on Foreign Relations, 8. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/nigerias-battle-boko-haram
  • Udoh, G. (2017). An aesthetic appraisal of newspaper coverage of Boko Haram activities. Journal of New Media and Mass Communication (Online), 4(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.91.2017.41.16.32
  • Vidino, L., Pantucci, R., & Kohlmann, E. F. (2010). Bringing Global Jihad to the Horn of Africa: al Shabaab, Western Fighters, and the Sacralization of the Somali Conflict. African Security, 3(4), 216–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392206.2010.533071

References

  • Assanvo, W., Abatan, J. E. A., & Sawadogo, W. A. (2016). West Africa Report: Assessing the Multinational Joint Task Force Against Boko Haram. In (pp. 19): Institute for Security Studies (ISS).
  • Bacon, T., & Muibu, D. (2019). The domestication of Al-Shabaab. The Journal of the Middle East and Africa, 10(3), 279–305. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2019.16589 86 https://doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2019.1658986
  • Barnett, J. (2020). The Evolution of East African Salafi-Jihadism. Hudson Institute, 28
  • Chimaobi, O., BB, O., Udoh, E., & EO, E. (2023). Leadership and the Success of African Integration and Development Agenda: Juxtaposing the African Continental Free Trade Area - AFCFTA and Agenda 2063. African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 6(2), 190–206. https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-qboebigd
  • Humud, C. E., Arieff, A., Blanchard, L. P., Blanchard, C. M., Sharp, J. M., & Katzman, K. (2014). AL QAEDA-AFFILIATED GROUPS: MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA. International Journal of Terrorism & Political Hot Spots, 9.
  • Husted, T. F. (2021). Boko Haram and the Islamic State's West Africa Province. Congressional Research Service, 6.
  • Husted, T. F., Arieff, A., Blanchard, L. P., Cook, N., & Williams, B. R. (2018). Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Issues and US Engagement. Congressional Research Service.
  • ICG. (2017). Time to Reset African Union- European Union Relations. International Crisis Group.
  • ICG. (2022). Considering Political Engagement with Al-Shabaab in Somalia. International Crisis Group
  • ICG. (2023). Sustaining Gains in Somalia’s Offensive against Al-Shabaab. International Crisis Group. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/somalia/b187-sustaining-gains-somalias-offensive-against-al-shabaab
  • Ichimi, G. (2023). The African Union and Security Challenges in the Sahel: Prospects for Multilateral Diplomacy.
  • Ikpogwi, F. F. (2019). The Security, Migration and Development nexus in Agadez, Niger: An actor-based re-evaluation of its eality. In.
  • Joscelyn, T. (2017). Shabaab claims US is ‘Satan of Our Time,’praises al Qaeda’s leadership. FDD’s Long War Journal.
  • Juju, D. B., Baffoe, G., Lam, R. D., Karanja, A., Naidoo, M., Ahmed, A., Jarzebski, M. P., Saito, O., Fukushi, K., Takeuchi, K., & Gasparatos, A. (2020). Sustainability challenges in Sub- Saharan Africa in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS). In Science for sustainable societies (Print) (pp. 3–50). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15- 4458-3_1
  • Kah, H. K. (2017). ‘Boko Haram is losing, but so is food production’: conflict and food insecurity in Nigeria and Cameroon. Africa Development, 42(3), 177–196. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ad/article/ download/167101/156538
  • Kerins, P. M., & Mouaha-Bell, S. V. (2018). Boko Haram's Rise and the Multinational Response Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School].
  • Khalil, J., Abdi, Y., Heide-Ottosen, S., Nor, A. A., & Zeuthen, M. (2023). The “Off-Ramp” from al- Shabaab: Disengagement During the Offensive in Somalia. https://doi.org/10.37805/lpbi2023.1
  • Klobucista, C. (2018). Nigeria’s Battle with Boko Haram. Council on Foreign Relations, 8. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/nigerias-battle-boko-haram
  • Udoh, G. (2017). An aesthetic appraisal of newspaper coverage of Boko Haram activities. Journal of New Media and Mass Communication (Online), 4(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.91.2017.41.16.32
  • Vidino, L., Pantucci, R., & Kohlmann, E. F. (2010). Bringing Global Jihad to the Horn of Africa: al Shabaab, Western Fighters, and the Sacralization of the Somali Conflict. African Security, 3(4), 216–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392206.2010.533071

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Munir, S. A. (2023). The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII(IV), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).05

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Munir, Sahibzada Adil. 2023. "The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII (IV): 51-59 doi: 10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).05

HARVARD

    HARVARD : MUNIR, S. A. 2023. The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII, 51-59.

MHRA

    MHRA : Munir, Sahibzada Adil. 2023. "The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII: 51-59

MLA

    MLA : Munir, Sahibzada Adil. "The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII.IV (2023): 51-59 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Munir, Sahibzada Adil (2023), "The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab", Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VIII (IV), 51-59

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Munir, Sahibzada Adil. "The Threat of Transnational Terrorism: Exploring the Global and Regional Impact of Boko Haram and Al-shabab." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review VIII, no. IV (2023): 51-59. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2023(VIII-IV).05