POLITICAL ELITE AND EXTREMISM A CHALLENGE FOR THE STABILITY OF PAKISTAN

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2022(VII-II).10      10.31703/gsssr.2022(VII-II).10      Published : Jun 2022
Authored by : Fozia Bibi , QaiserIqbal , Abida Yousaf

10 Pages : 83-93

References

  • Abid, M. (2018). Muttahida Qaumi Movement: Mode of Politics and Political .Pakistan Perspectives, 22(2), 137-156. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3130068
  • Adeney, K. (2015). How to understand Pakistan’s hybrid regime: the importance of a multidimensional continuum. Democratization, 24(1), 119–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1110574
  • Akhtar, S. (2012). Dynamics of USA-Pakistan relations in the post 9/11 period: Hurdles and future prospects. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(11), 205-213.
  • Ali, G., Ahmad, S., & Khan, B. (2021). Failure of Federalism in Pakistan, Lessons for the Future, an International Perspective. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 4(2) https://doi.org/10.52337/pjia.v4i2.183
  • Asif, S. (2022). Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan ousted in no-confidence vote. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-parliament-try-again-vote-oust-pm-khan-2022-04-09/
  • Baig, N. (2008). From mohallah to mainstream: The MQM’s transformation from an ethnic to a catch-all party (Doctoral dissertation).
  • Baylis, J. (2020). The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford university press, USA.
  • Elena, D. (2021). Imran Khan as the Key to Success of Pakistan Tehreek-E- Insaf. Russia and the Muslim world, 2 (312), 81-88.
  • Haq, F. (1995). Rise of the MQM in Pakistan: Politics of Ethnic Mobilization. Asian Survey, 35(11), 990–1004. https://doi.org/10.2307/2645723
  • Husain, I. (2009). THE ROLE OF POLITICS IN PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY. Journal of International Affairs, 63(1), 1–18. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24384169
  • Hussain, M. Z. (1994). Islam in Pakistan under Bhutto and Zia-ul-Haq. In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State , 47-79. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Javid, H., & Mufti, M. (2020). Electoral manipulation or astute electoral strategy? Explaining the results of Pakistan’s 2018 Election. Asian Affairs: An AmericanReview, 49(2), 65–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2020.1855033
  • Khan, A. M. (2003). Persecution of the Ahmadiyya community in Pakistan: An analysis under international law and international relations. Harvard Human Rights Journal ,16, 217-244.
  • Khan, Asad R. (2022). No confidence: How did Prime Minister Imran Khan end up here? Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1680285
  • Khan, F. (2016). Combating corruption in Pakistan. Asian Education and Development Studies, 5(2), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/aeds-01-2016-0006
  • Khan, I., Ullah, F., & Khan, B. (2021). Democracy and Federalism in Pakistan: An Analysis of PPP Government (2008-2013). Global Regional Review, VI(I), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(vi-i).05
  • Khurshid, A. (2022). Pakistan inflation at 13- year high as government raises fuel prices on IMF demand. Arab News. https://www.arabnews.pk/node/2114836/pakistan
  • Lashari, M. B. A., & Mirza, J. A. (2013). Pakistan Elections 2013. Pakistan Horizon, 66(3), 79–98. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24711505
  • News Desk. ( 2022). Sherani berates Fazl for ‘misusing religion’ for politics against Imran. Daily Times. https://dailytimes.com.pk/987500/shera ni-berates-fazl-for-misusing-religion- for-politics-against-imran/
  • Parveen, S., & Zahoor, M. A. (2018). Derailed Democracy and Daily Dawn: A Critical Analysis of Editorials and Columns (October 1999 – August 2002). Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 7(5), 314. https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i5.1409
  • Qadeer, M. (1997). The Evolving Structure of Civil Society and the State in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 36(4), 743– 762. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41260067
  • Riffat, F. (2015). Dynamics of Religious Extremism in Pakistan. Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, 28(2), 70-92.
  • Riffat, F. (2016). Trends in Political and Social Extremism in Pakistan: A Case Study ofMusharraf Era 2002-2008. Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, 29(1). 50-67.
  • Rizwan, M., Rafiuddin, M. A., & Waqar, M. (2014). Democratic Milestone in Pakistan: A Serener Transition of Command from PPP to PML-N. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 19(2), 102-108. www.iosrjournals.org
  • Shafqat, S. (1998). Democracy in Pakistan: Value change and challenges of institution building. The Pakistan Development Review, 37(4), 281-298.
  • Shah, A. (2019). Pakistan: voting under military tutelage. Journal of Democracy, 30(1), 128- 142.
  • Steinberg, P. E. (2001). The social construction of the ocean (Vol. 78). Cambridge University Press.
  • Wolf, S. O. (2022). Pakistan's new government challenges.
  • Yasmeen, S. (1994). Democracy in Pakistan: The Third Dismissal. Asian Survey, 34(6), 572–588. https://doi.org/10.2307/2645342
  • Zain, O. F. (2020). Paradox of Our Political Parties. South Asian Studies, 25(1). 89-97.
  • Zaman, M. (2011). Social Movements, Conflicts and Rise of Extremism in Pakistan. Prace Instytutu Profilaktyki SpoÅ‚ecznej i Resocjalizacji, (17), 154-173.

References

  • Abid, M. (2018). Muttahida Qaumi Movement: Mode of Politics and Political .Pakistan Perspectives, 22(2), 137-156. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3130068
  • Adeney, K. (2015). How to understand Pakistan’s hybrid regime: the importance of a multidimensional continuum. Democratization, 24(1), 119–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1110574
  • Akhtar, S. (2012). Dynamics of USA-Pakistan relations in the post 9/11 period: Hurdles and future prospects. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(11), 205-213.
  • Ali, G., Ahmad, S., & Khan, B. (2021). Failure of Federalism in Pakistan, Lessons for the Future, an International Perspective. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 4(2) https://doi.org/10.52337/pjia.v4i2.183
  • Asif, S. (2022). Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan ousted in no-confidence vote. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-parliament-try-again-vote-oust-pm-khan-2022-04-09/
  • Baig, N. (2008). From mohallah to mainstream: The MQM’s transformation from an ethnic to a catch-all party (Doctoral dissertation).
  • Baylis, J. (2020). The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford university press, USA.
  • Elena, D. (2021). Imran Khan as the Key to Success of Pakistan Tehreek-E- Insaf. Russia and the Muslim world, 2 (312), 81-88.
  • Haq, F. (1995). Rise of the MQM in Pakistan: Politics of Ethnic Mobilization. Asian Survey, 35(11), 990–1004. https://doi.org/10.2307/2645723
  • Husain, I. (2009). THE ROLE OF POLITICS IN PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY. Journal of International Affairs, 63(1), 1–18. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24384169
  • Hussain, M. Z. (1994). Islam in Pakistan under Bhutto and Zia-ul-Haq. In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State , 47-79. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Javid, H., & Mufti, M. (2020). Electoral manipulation or astute electoral strategy? Explaining the results of Pakistan’s 2018 Election. Asian Affairs: An AmericanReview, 49(2), 65–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2020.1855033
  • Khan, A. M. (2003). Persecution of the Ahmadiyya community in Pakistan: An analysis under international law and international relations. Harvard Human Rights Journal ,16, 217-244.
  • Khan, Asad R. (2022). No confidence: How did Prime Minister Imran Khan end up here? Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1680285
  • Khan, F. (2016). Combating corruption in Pakistan. Asian Education and Development Studies, 5(2), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/aeds-01-2016-0006
  • Khan, I., Ullah, F., & Khan, B. (2021). Democracy and Federalism in Pakistan: An Analysis of PPP Government (2008-2013). Global Regional Review, VI(I), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(vi-i).05
  • Khurshid, A. (2022). Pakistan inflation at 13- year high as government raises fuel prices on IMF demand. Arab News. https://www.arabnews.pk/node/2114836/pakistan
  • Lashari, M. B. A., & Mirza, J. A. (2013). Pakistan Elections 2013. Pakistan Horizon, 66(3), 79–98. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24711505
  • News Desk. ( 2022). Sherani berates Fazl for ‘misusing religion’ for politics against Imran. Daily Times. https://dailytimes.com.pk/987500/shera ni-berates-fazl-for-misusing-religion- for-politics-against-imran/
  • Parveen, S., & Zahoor, M. A. (2018). Derailed Democracy and Daily Dawn: A Critical Analysis of Editorials and Columns (October 1999 – August 2002). Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 7(5), 314. https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i5.1409
  • Qadeer, M. (1997). The Evolving Structure of Civil Society and the State in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 36(4), 743– 762. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41260067
  • Riffat, F. (2015). Dynamics of Religious Extremism in Pakistan. Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, 28(2), 70-92.
  • Riffat, F. (2016). Trends in Political and Social Extremism in Pakistan: A Case Study ofMusharraf Era 2002-2008. Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, 29(1). 50-67.
  • Rizwan, M., Rafiuddin, M. A., & Waqar, M. (2014). Democratic Milestone in Pakistan: A Serener Transition of Command from PPP to PML-N. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 19(2), 102-108. www.iosrjournals.org
  • Shafqat, S. (1998). Democracy in Pakistan: Value change and challenges of institution building. The Pakistan Development Review, 37(4), 281-298.
  • Shah, A. (2019). Pakistan: voting under military tutelage. Journal of Democracy, 30(1), 128- 142.
  • Steinberg, P. E. (2001). The social construction of the ocean (Vol. 78). Cambridge University Press.
  • Wolf, S. O. (2022). Pakistan's new government challenges.
  • Yasmeen, S. (1994). Democracy in Pakistan: The Third Dismissal. Asian Survey, 34(6), 572–588. https://doi.org/10.2307/2645342
  • Zain, O. F. (2020). Paradox of Our Political Parties. South Asian Studies, 25(1). 89-97.
  • Zaman, M. (2011). Social Movements, Conflicts and Rise of Extremism in Pakistan. Prace Instytutu Profilaktyki SpoÅ‚ecznej i Resocjalizacji, (17), 154-173.

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Bibi, F., Iqbal, Q., & Yousaf, A. (2022). Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII(II), 83-93. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2022(VII-II).10

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Bibi, Fozia, Qaiser Iqbal, and Abida Yousaf. 2022. "Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII (II): 83-93 doi: 10.31703/gsssr.2022(VII-II).10

HARVARD

    HARVARD : BIBI, F., IQBAL, Q. & YOUSAF, A. 2022. Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII, 83-93.

MHRA

    MHRA : Bibi, Fozia, Qaiser Iqbal, and Abida Yousaf. 2022. "Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII: 83-93

MLA

    MLA : Bibi, Fozia, Qaiser Iqbal, and Abida Yousaf. "Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII.II (2022): 83-93 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Bibi, Fozia, Iqbal, Qaiser, and Yousaf, Abida (2022), "Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan", Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII (II), 83-93

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Bibi, Fozia, Qaiser Iqbal, and Abida Yousaf. "Political Elite and Extremism: A Challenge for the Stability of Pakistan." Global Strategic & Security Studies Review VII, no. II (2022): 83-93. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2022(VII-II).10